The Named Binary Tag (NBT) file format is an extremely simple, albeit annoying (did we really need yet another format?)^{[See Discussion]} structured binary format used by the Minecraft game for a variety of things. Due to this, several third-party utilities now also utilize the format. You may find example files at the bottom of this article.

1. Install NBTexplorer. If You Have Not Done So Already, Download And Install NBTexplorer Here.
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NBT Tags in Minecraft. NBT tags (formerly called data tags) allow you to set certain properties of an entity (or mob) in the game.NBT tags are used in game commands such as: /summon, /data, /give, /fill, /setblock. The player can quickly find data tags (NBT) without the use of external editors by using / data to figure out the data for each entity or block entity. See more about this in the article Commands/data. See Entity format for the various NBT Tags that are saved for each entity. This page also contains basic information for each NBT Tag.

1. Install NBTexplorer. If You Have Not Done So Already, Download And Install NBTexplorer Here.

Wear on charging handle. Mojang has also released a reference implementation along with their Anvil conversion tool, available from https://web.archive.org/web/20190710093131/https://mojang.com/2012/02/new-minecraft-map-format-anvil/

Jun 01, 2010 With NBTedit, you could edit every file in the NBT format (see specs here). But afaik there are no other projects which are using this, yet. Most of you will probably use NBTedit to cheat items in /indev/. You can simply edit bytes, shorts, ints, longs, floats, doubles and strings. May 11, 2021 NBTExplorer is a low-level graphical NBT (Named Binary Tag) data editor for Minecraft. With a directory-tree interface for easily exploring multiple worlds, and support for the latest NBT standard, NBTExplorer is built on top of Substrate. Download Latest File File. Overview File Image.

1Current Uses
2Specification
- 2.1Bedrock edition
- 2.2Examples

Current Uses

The NBT format is currently used in several places, chiefly:

Cached

In the Protocol as part of Slot Data
Multiplayer saved server list (servers.dat).
Player data (both single player and multiplayer, one file per player). This includes such things as inventory and location.
Saved worlds (both single player and multiplayer).
- World index file (level.dat) that contains general information (spawn point, time of day, etc..)
- Chunk data (see Region Files)

Unfortunately, the NBT files you can encounter as a developer will be stored in three different ways, just to make things interesting.

Uncompressed,
gzip'd,
zlib'd (aka DEFLATE with a few bytes extra)

Libraries

There are many, many libraries for manipulating NBT, written in several languages, and often several per language. For example,

C,
C++20,
C#,
D,
Go (New),
Go (Old, without TagLongArray),
Java (Old, without TagLongArray),
Javascript,
PHP,
Python,
Ruby,
Rust,
Scala,
Kotlin (Streams, ByteBuffer, NIO, Endianness, Zlib, Gzip, Any Input/Output, Examples in Comments),
Kotlin (with a builder DSL and type-safety),
Kotlin Multiplatform,
You get the idea…

Unless you have specific goals or licence requirements, it is extremely recommended to go with one of the existing libraries.

Utilities

Almost every 3rd-party Minecraft application uses NBT on some level. There also exist several dedicated NBT editors, which will likely be useful to you if you are developing an NBT library of your own. These include:

NBTExplorer (C#) NBT Directory-tree interface that fully supports the Minecraft .mcr/.mca region files.
NEINedit (Obj-C), an OS X specific editor.
nbt2yaml (Python), provides command-line editing of NBT via the YAML format, as well as a fast and minimalist NBT parsing/rendering API.
nbted (Rust; CC0), provides command-line editing of NBT files via your $EDITOR
nbt2json (Golang; MIT) Command-line utility for NBT to JSON/YAML conversion and back. MCPE-NBT support. Can be used as library.

Specification

The NBT file format is extremely simple, and writing a library capable of reading/writing it is a simple affair. There are 13 datatypes supported by this format, one of which is used to close compound tags. It is strongly advised to read this entire section or you may run into issues.

Type ID	Type Name	Payload Size (Bytes)	Description
0	TAG_End	0	Signifies the end of a TAG_Compound. It is only ever used inside a TAG_Compound, and is not named despite being in a TAG_Compound
1	TAG_Byte	1	A single signed byte
2	TAG_Short	2	A single signed, big endian 16 bit integer
3	TAG_Int	4	A single signed, big endian 32 bit integer
4	TAG_Long	8	A single signed, big endian 64 bit integer
5	TAG_Float	4	A single, big endian IEEE-754 single-precision floating point number (NaN possible)
6	TAG_Double	8	A single, big endian IEEE-754 double-precision floating point number (NaN possible)
7	TAG_Byte_Array	..	A length-prefixed array of signed bytes. The prefix is a signed integer (thus 4 bytes)
8	TAG_String	..	A length-prefixed modified UTF-8 string. The prefix is an unsigned short (thus 2 bytes) signifying the length of the string in bytes
9	TAG_List	..	A list of nameless tags, all of the same type. The list is prefixed with the `Type ID` of the items it contains (thus 1 byte), and the length of the list as a signed integer (a further 4 bytes). If the length of the list is 0 or negative, the type may be 0 (TAG_End) but otherwise it must be any other type. (The notchian implementation uses TAG_End in that situation, but another reference implementation by Mojang uses 1 instead; parsers should accept any type if the length is <= 0).
10	TAG_Compound	..	Effectively a list of a named tags. Order is not guaranteed.
11	TAG_Int_Array	..	A length-prefixed array of signed integers. The prefix is a signed integer (thus 4 bytes) and indicates the number of 4 byte integers.
12	TAG_Long_Array	..	A length-prefixed array of signed longs. The prefix is a signed integer (thus 4 bytes) and indicates the number of 8 byte longs.

There are a couple of simple things to remember:

The datatypes representing numbers are in big-endian in Java edition, but Bedrock edition changes things up a bit. See the below section on Bedrock edition
Every NBT file will always implicitly be inside a tag compound, and also begin with a TAG_Compound (except in Bedrock edition, see below)
The structure of a NBT file is defined by the TAG_Li

Nbt Edit